The central idea of the economic thought of Adam Smith the present work will specifically turn on Adam Smith, to mine to see, the main liberal classic theoretician, and its workmanship ' ' The wealth of naes' ' , divided in five books, launched in 1776, a time that the alluded workmanship is had as the first one where was carried through a systematic and organized study of the Economy. Liberal economist classic Adam Smith was chosen as object of the present work in reason of the great prominence that had with its workmanship ' ' The wealth of naes' ' , where it systemize and it organized the study of the economy, later, being considered the protector of the Economy as it disciplines autonomous worker. It is emphasized that, even so the ideas brought in the workmanship were not entirely original, ' ' The wealth of naes' ' it brought of organized form a series of historical consideraes and a vast empirical material about the study of the economy, serving as theoretical paradigm for the proper development of the Economy throughout the XIX.Diante century of this, it could not be another one the studied theoretician if Adam Smith, after all, in if not treating to a work directed toward the economic field nothing better of what searching the matrix of the liberal economic structure in the way we know as it today, that is, in the studies and works of the author in promotion. For a reason or purpose curiosity, opportune to relate that Adam Smith was born in 1723 in the city of Kirkcaldy, in the Esccia, where completed its secondary education. When locking up its secondary study, Smith if transferred to the university of Glasgow, still in the Esccia, intention to study humanismo. However, before if graduating Glascow, Smith he gained a stock market to study in Oxford, in the Balliol College, where he deepened its study in the field of the classic philosophy and literature, having locked up its bacharelado for there despite in way the attritions with professors in reason to have been I catch reading a workmanship of David Hume.